In the weeks after the birth, it is possible to develop 'overgrowths' of vaginal organisms that cause either thrush (being fungal in type) or Gardnerella (being bacterial in type). These organisms are commonly present in the vagina, but can 'overgrow' under certain conditions. For these organisms to thrive, the woman's vagina needs to change from being mainly acidic in pH (which is what it should be), to mainly alkaline in pH. When this happens, the other healthy bacteria that prefer an acidic environment in the vagina (called 'lactobacilli') decrease in number, and the thrush or Gardnerella organisms (that prefer an alkaline environment) increase in number.
This change in the acid-balance of the woman's vagina can come about due to a combination of factors during the postnatal recovery time. These can include:
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Nearly constant vaginal bleeding for a few weeks. |
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Using plastic backed sanitary pads for many weeks. |
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Generally having a lowered physical resistance, while recuperating from the labour and birth, or having a Caesarean operation. |
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Meeting the demands of caring for a new baby (and possibly balancing the care of siblings). |
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Being tired and possibly not eating as well. |
Combine all these, and you have a perfect recipe for developing thrush or gardnerella.
Vaginal thrush (or 'Candida') is a fungal organism that is capable of producing a thick, white discharge (that may resemble curdled milk). White patches may also be seen on the inside of the vagina, with the skin around the genitals looking inflamed and red (if you want to look). The discharge does not usually smell, but the woman may feel itchy and sore.